During the summer monsoon season, Arizona experiences haboobs (dust storms). The term "haboob" originates from the Arabic language, meaning "blown." These powerful haboobs in Arizona can persist for several hours and cover distances exceeding 100 miles.
The biggest haboob we've seen occurred on July 5, 2011. On that day, the city of Phoenix was engulfed by a colossal storm that towered approximately one mile in height and extended over 100 miles in width. Storm chaser, Mike Oblinski, was able to capture time lapse photographs of the haboob approaching and then overtaking the city.
Curious how a haboob forms? When a thunderstorm cell advances, the air is pushed down and propelled forward by its front, pulling along dust and debris. Winds reaching speeds of up to 60 mph can agitate dust and sand, forming a towering wall that may reach heights of 10,000 feet. Typically lasting for only 10 to 30 minutes, haboobs can occasionally persist for longer, posing risks to ground transportation systems, air traffic, and motorists due to hazardous conditions.
With little to no warning, dust storms can dramatically impair visibility, leading to fatal multi-vehicle accidents on roadways. On an average yearly basis, the Phoenix area typically experiences one to three dust storms.
If you happen to be out and see a haboob approaching, it's important to take immediate action to protect yourself and others. Here are some safety measures to follow:
Seek Shelter: Find a sturdy and enclosed building to take shelter in as soon as possible. Stay away from windows and doors to avoid being exposed to flying debris and dust.
Stay Indoors: Remain inside until the haboob has passed and visibility improves. Do not attempt to go outside during the storm.
Turn Off Air Conditioning: If you are indoors, switch off your air conditioning system to prevent dust from being drawn inside the building.
Use Masks: If you must go outside during a haboob, wear a mask or cover your nose and mouth with a cloth to protect yourself from breathing in dust and debris.
Avoid Driving: It's best to avoid driving during a haboob, as visibility will be extremely poor, and driving conditions will be hazardous. Pull over to the side of the road and turn off your vehicle's lights to avoid accidents if you're already driving and can't reach a safe destination.
Listen to Authorities: Stay tuned to local news and weather updates for guidance from authorities. Follow any evacuation orders or emergency instructions issued by local officials.
Prepare an Emergency Kit: Have an emergency kit ready with essential supplies like water, non-perishable food, flashlight, batteries, first aid supplies, and necessary medications.
Remember that haboobs can be dangerous and unpredictable, so taking these precautions is essential to ensure your safety during these severe dust storms.
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